没有人会质疑有保障的产权对经济发展的重要性。本文使用两组来自俄罗斯公司管理层的原始调查数据,评价了影响产权安全的制度因素、社会因素和政治因素。大多数管理者认为,在处理同私人部门之间的纠纷时,国家仲裁法庭可以起到作用,但是很少有管理者指望在其与政府官员发生冲突时这些法庭也能够保护他们的权利。不过,这些管理者相信,国家仲裁法庭能够约束政府官员的投资冲动,甚至控制政府机构的可视效能。因而,加强对政府部门的控制可以增强产权的安全性并提升国家能力。这些结论深化了对诸如国家在经济活动中的角色、有保障的产权的起源、国家能力的本质、非正式制度的重要性和法律改革程序等问题的理解。 No one questions the importance of guaranteed property rights for economic development. This paper uses two sets of original survey data from Russian company management to evaluate the institutional, social and political factors that affect the security of property rights. Most managers think national arbitration tribunals have a role to play in settling disputes with the private sector, but few expect their courts to be able to protect their rights when they clash with government officials. However, these managers believe that the national arbitration tribunal can constrain the investment impulse of government officials and even control the visual performance of government agencies. Therefore, strengthening the control of government departments can enhance the security of property rights and enhance national capabilities. These conclusions deepen the understanding of such issues as the role of the state in economic activities, the origin of guaranteed property rights, the nature of national capabilities, the importance of informal institutions and the law reform process.