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目的了解六安市儿童龋齿发病情况,探讨导致龋齿的影响因素,制定防治对策。方法六安市妇幼保健所儿保科于2013年5-6月对市区及郊区幼儿园的2253名儿童,在自然光线下用平面口镜行口腔检查。全部调查对象均符合“第三次全国口腔健康流行病学调查方案”的龋齿诊断标准。对不同地区和年龄段儿童的调查结果进行统计学分析。结果 2253名4~6岁儿童,总龋患率为41.37%,各年龄患病率分别为34.0%、39.1%、51.0%(χ2=14.37,P<0.01),差异有统计学意义。患病率随年龄的增长而增高,6岁达高峰。郊区儿童患龋率低于城区儿童,分别为38.4%、44.06%(χ2=14.37,P<0.01),差异有统计学意义。结论六安市学龄前儿童乳牙龋病患病率较高,应采取综合措施积极开展防龋方面的卫生宣教,老师、家长需共同指导督促儿童口腔卫生行为,改变不良饮食习惯,控制其发病率,保护儿童口腔健康。
Objective To understand the incidence of dental caries in children in Lu’an, to explore the factors that cause dental caries and to develop prevention and treatment measures. Methods In June-June 2013, 2253 children from kindergartens in urban and suburban areas underwent oral examinations using plain mouth mirror in natural light. All the surveyed objects are in line with the “Third National Oral Health Epidemiology Investigation Program” caries diagnostic criteria. Statistical analysis of the survey results of children in different regions and ages. Results Totally 2253 children aged 4 to 6 years old had a total caries prevalence of 41.37%. The prevalence rates of all ages were 34.0%, 39.1% and 51.0%, respectively (χ2 = 14.37, P <0.01). The difference was statistically significant. The prevalence increased with age and peaked at 6 years of age. The prevalence of dental caries in suburban children was lower than that in urban children (38.4% and 44.06% respectively) (χ2 = 14.37, P <0.01). The difference was statistically significant. Conclusion Preschool children in Lu’an City have a high prevalence of deciduous dental caries. Comprehensive measures should be taken to actively carry out health education on caries prevention. Teachers and parents need to jointly guide and supervise children’s oral health behaviors, change bad eating habits and control their incidence , To protect children’s oral health.