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目的 了解湖北省6～23月龄婴幼儿超重肥胖状况及出生因素和早期喂养方式对婴幼儿超重肥胖的影响,为预防及控制儿童超重肥胖提供参考依据.方法 采用PPS抽样方法,调查湖北省贫困地区6县6～23月龄婴幼儿及其看护人,以WHO性别月龄别BMI为超重肥胖的标准.采用x2检验和Logistic回归模型进行数据分析.结果 共调查婴幼儿2 667人,其中男童1 438人(53.92％),女童1 229人(46.08％);超重209人(7.84％),肥胖151人(5.66％).出生时为巨大儿的婴幼儿超重率较高,男童肥胖率高于女童,剖腹产的婴幼儿肥胖率较高,出生后前6个月纯母乳喂养是婴幼儿肥胖的保护因素(P均＜0.05).结论 湖北省贫困地区婴幼儿超重肥胖问题不容忽视,男童、剖腹产出生、出生后前6个月为非纯母乳喂养的婴幼儿发生肥胖的风险较高,需积极关注并采取有效措施进行预防与控制.“,”Objective To analyze the prevalence of overweight and obesity in infants and young children aged 6～23 months in poor areas of Hubei Province,and to explore the impacts of birth-related factors and early feeding types on overweight and obesity,in order to provide basis for prevention and control of overweight and obesity.Methods Multi-staged PPS sampling was adopted in 6 counties in Hubei Province,and caregivers of infants and young children were surveyed.Overweight and obesity were defined by the WHO sex-age based body mass index.Chi-square and multivariate Logistic regression were used to analyze the data.Results A total of 2 667 infants and young children were investigated,including 1 438 boys (53.92％) and 1 229 girls (46.08％).And 209(7.84％) were overweight and 151(5.66％) were obese.Infants and young children with birth weight over 4 000 g had higher prevalence of overweight,and boys had higher prevalence of obesity than girls (P＜0.05).Cesarean delivery and early feeding types were associated with obesity (all P＜0.05).Conclusion Overweight and obesity in infants and young children in poor areas of Hubei Province should not be overlooked.Boys and children who were cesarean deliveried or without breastfeeding in the first 6 months have higher prevalence of obesity and need positive attention and effective measures to prevent and control obesity.