目的了解中小学生近视状况,为防治学生近视提供依据。方法采用等比抽样法对宝鸡市5 489名中小学学生进行了视力测试和问卷调查。结果测试调查发现近视患病率49.4%,学习负担过重、上网、看电视、不良的用眼习惯和遗传等是近视发病的相关因素。结论近视已成为影响青少年健康成长的严重问题,应针对引发近视的原因,动员和依靠全社会的力量,积极预防和阻止近视发生。 Objective To understand the status of primary and secondary students myopia, to provide the basis for the prevention and treatment of myopia. Methods A total of 5 489 primary and secondary school students in Baoji City were assessed with the method of equal proportion sampling for visual acuity test and questionnaire survey. Results of the test survey found that 49.4% of the prevalence of myopia, learning burden, Internet, watching television, bad eye habits and genetic factors related to the incidence of myopia. Conclusions Myopia has become a serious problem affecting the healthy growth of adolescents. In order to cause myopia, mobilization and relying on the power of the whole society should be taken to prevent and stop myopia.