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研究与发展(R&D)活动是制造业科技创新中最具有创造性的核心部分,是决定一个制造业行业科技发展水平和能力的关键因素,因此,提高R&D投入及产出对于黑龙江省制造业显得至关重要。一、指标的选择指标选择应遵循以下原则:①指标要具有
Research and Development (R & D) activities are the most creative core part of manufacturing innovation and are the key factors that determine the level and capability of science and technology development in a manufacturing industry. Therefore, increasing R & D investment and output is a significant factor for the manufacturing industry in Heilongjiang Province Important. First, the choice of indicators Indicators should follow the following principles: ① indicators to have