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目的评价离心培养法分离检测流感病毒的敏感性、特异性,探讨其临床应用价值。方法收集2010年1月至2011年2月895份上呼吸道感染患者鼻咽拭子,以传统细胞培养法和离心培养法进行流感病毒培养,并作免疫荧光试验(IF)鉴定。结果广州地区上呼吸道感染患者的流感病毒感染呈两个高峰期,分别为3～5月的春季高峰(以乙型流感病毒为主)和7～9月夏季高峰(甲型流感病毒为主);传统细胞培养分离流感病毒288例,分离率为32%;离心培养分离病毒260例,分离率、敏感性、特异性、阳性预测值和阴性预测值分别为29%、89%、99%、98%、95%。结论离心培养法结合IF具有高的敏感性和特异性并能快速报告结果,而且操作简单、节省人力,可实现流感病毒快速分离,适于临床实验室使用。
Objective To evaluate the sensitivity and specificity of centrifugation culture for the detection of influenza virus and to explore its clinical value. Methods Nasopharyngeal swabs were collected from 895 patients with upper respiratory tract infection from January 2010 to February 2011. Influenza virus was cultured by traditional cell culture and centrifugation culture and identified by immunofluorescence test (IF). Results There were two peak periods of influenza virus infection in patients with upper respiratory tract infection in Guangzhou, which were respectively the peak in spring from March to May (mainly Influenza B virus) and the peak from July to September (Influenza A virus mainly) The isolation rate, sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value were 29%, 89%, 99%, respectively. 98%, 95%. Conclusion Centrifugal culture combined with IF has high sensitivity and specificity and can quickly report the results. It is easy to operate and saves manpower, and can be used for the rapid separation of influenza virus and is suitable for clinical laboratory use.