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目的了解景德镇市城乡结合地区居民主要慢性病患病及其影响因素,为慢性病综合防控效果的评价提供科学依据。方法 2014年7-9月采用多阶段分层随机整群抽样方法抽取在景德镇市城乡结合地区昌江区居住的18岁以上成人居民2 400人为调查对象。采用调查表、现场观察、查阅资料等方法对慢性病防控相关资料进行收集、统计和分析。结果 2014年景德镇市城乡结合地区居民慢性病患病率为27.49%,高血压患病率为31.43%,标化率为22.41%,糖尿病患病率为9.49%,标化率为5.15%。慢性病患病率前三位从高到低依次为高血压(31.43%)、糖尿病(9.49%)、慢支(4.18%)。该区报告死亡率为4.58‰,死因谱构成比前三位从高到低依次为心血管疾病(57.85%)、肿瘤(24.89%)、呼吸系统疾病(4.67%)。身高知晓率为35.09%;体重知晓率为36.47%;腰围知晓率为15.83%;血压知晓率为17.46%;血糖知晓率为2.05%。结论景德镇市城乡结合地区慢性病患病率处于较高水平,尤其是以高血压病为主心血管疾病。该区慢性病主要危险因素有吸烟、不合理饮食、超重、肥胖、缺乏体力活动和慢性病防病知识缺乏。应切实加强慢性病综合防控工作,有效预防和控制慢性病。
Objective To understand the prevalence and influential factors of major chronic diseases in urban and rural areas in Jingdezhen and to provide a scientific basis for the evaluation of comprehensive prevention and control of chronic diseases. Methods From July to September 2014, a multistage stratified random cluster sampling method was used to select 2 400 adults over the age of 18 living in Changjiang District in the urban-rural integration area of Jingdezhen as the survey object. Using questionnaires, on-site observation, access to information and other methods on chronic disease prevention and control related data collection, statistics and analysis. Results The prevalence of chronic diseases was 27.49%, the prevalence of hypertension was 31.43%, the standardization rate was 22.41%, the prevalence of diabetes was 9.49% and the standardization rate was 5.15%. The top three chronic diseases from high to low were hypertension (31.43%), diabetes (9.49%) and chronic bronchitis (4.18%). The district reported a mortality rate of 4.58 ‰. The causes of death spectrum were as follows: cardiovascular disease (57.85%), cancer (24.89%) and respiratory diseases (4.67%). Height awareness rate was 35.09%, body weight awareness rate was 36.47%, waist circumference awareness rate was 15.83%, blood pressure awareness rate was 17.46%, and blood sugar awareness rate was 2.05%. Conclusion The prevalence of chronic diseases in urban areas and rural areas in Jingdezhen City is at a high level, especially hypertension-based cardiovascular diseases. The main risk factors for chronic diseases in the district are smoking, unreasonable diet, overweight, obesity, lack of physical activity and lack of knowledge on disease prevention of chronic diseases. Should effectively strengthen the comprehensive prevention and control of chronic diseases, effective prevention and control of chronic diseases.