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[目的]为了解干旱霜冻条件下甘蔗性状变化特点与评价品种耐寒性。[方法]选用国内外21个甘蔗品种(系)在广西霜冻常发区资源县开展了耐寒性评价试验。[结果]轻霜冻前后的甘蔗锤度、绿叶数和光合速率发生明显变化,且耐寒性差的品种下降较多,但仅有重霜冻后的茎长冻损率、节间冻损率、绿叶百分率与轻霜冻后的锤度和锤度变化相关;进一步分析发现,选用茎长冻损率、上位叶绿叶百分率进行甘蔗耐寒性评价更为简单易行。耐寒性评价表明,在南亚热带和热带地区选育甘蔗品种,如果未经过耐寒性鉴定,选育的新品种其耐寒性表现好和较好的机率将低于30.0%,而表现差和较差的机率将高于60.0%。[结论]为甘蔗耐寒评价和选育耐寒品种提供了依据。
[Objective] The research aimed to understand the characteristics of sugarcane traits under drought frost and evaluate its cold tolerance. [Method] 21 domestic and foreign sugarcane varieties (lines) were selected to carry out the evaluation of cold tolerance in the resource county of Guangxi frost-prone area. [Result] The brix, leaf number and photosynthetic rate of cane before and after light frost changed obviously, and the varieties with poor cold tolerance descend more, but only the frost threshing rate, internode frost loss rate, green leaf percentage Which was related to the change of brix and brix after light frost. Further analysis showed that it is more simple and easy to select the cold damage rate of stem and the percentage of upper leaf green leaf to evaluate the cold tolerance of sugarcane. The evaluation of cold tolerance showed that in the south subtropical and tropical regions, the selection of sugarcane varieties without cold tolerance identification, cold tolerance of the new breed of good and good cold chance of less than 30.0%, and poor performance and poor The probability will be higher than 60.0%. [Conclusion] This provided the basis for evaluating the cold tolerance of sugarcane and breeding cold-tolerant varieties.