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[目的]为银杏叶用品种选择在产量和质量水平上提出初步标准。[方法]采用31个银杏雌性品种(品系)和4个雄株类型的单株无性系,随机区组排列,研究叶产量性状及其与叶产量的相关性,叶黄酮、内酯含量。[结果]各品种间在平均叶厚、叶面积、单叶鲜重、叶黄酮和内酯含量在0.05水平上均存在显著差异。较好品种的叶面积、叶重、叶黄酮、内酯含量分别是较弱品种的2.04、2.47、2.45、2.01倍;雌雄株间叶产量性状、黄酮、内酯含量无差异,证明银杏品种(品系)或类型间叶产量性状、黄酮、内酯含量均存在遗传变异,这种变异与雌雄株无关。在银杏雌雄群体内选择是有效的。[结论]初步提出了叶用银杏品种选择的项目和标准,并筛选出了安陆1号等优良叶用品种;将选择的优良品种或变异在生产上加以推广利用,具有重要意义。
[Objective] The preliminary standards for the selection of Ginkgo biloba leaves were put forward at the level of yield and quality. [Method] A total of 31 ginkgo female cultivars (lines) and 4 male plant clones were used to study the correlation between leaf yield traits and leaf yield, leaf flavone and lactone contents. [Result] There were significant differences in average leaf thickness, leaf area, fresh weight per leaf, leaf flavone and lactone content at 0.05 level among all varieties. Leaf area, leaf weight, leaf flavonoids and lactone contents of the better cultivars were 2.04, 2.47, 2.45 and 2.01 times higher than those of the weaker ones. There was no difference in the leaf yield traits, flavonoids and lactone contents between the male and female plants. Strains) or types of leaf yield traits, flavonoids, lactones content genetic mutation exist, this mutation has nothing to do with male and female plants. Ginkgo male and female groups in the selection is effective. [Conclusion] The items and standards of leaf gingko variety selection were preliminarily proposed, and some good leaf varieties such as Anlu 1 were screened out. It is of great importance to popularize the selection of fine varieties or variations in production.