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目的研究河北省鼠疫自然疫源地优势种鸟类窝巢蚤种类及其在鼠疫流行中的作用,为河北省的鼠疫防治工作提供参考。方法获取自然状态下鸟的窝巢蚤,对获得的蚤进行分类鉴定和鼠疫细菌学检验。结果共调查鸟类窝巢96个,染蚤窝巢11个,获蚤59只,染蚤率为11.46%,蚤指数为0.61;隶属于1科1属2种,为角叶蚤科的角叶蚤属的禽角叶蚤欧亚亚种和粗毛角叶蚤。结论河北省鼠疫自然疫源地内鸟类优势种有麻雀、喜鹊、山雀、乌鸦,蚤的种类较少,虽然没有获得鼠疫耶尔森氏菌的证据,但是对于鼠疫耶尔森氏菌由鸟类传入的自然保菌学说有待进一步研究。
Objective To study the species of nesting fleas and their role in the epidemic of plague in the plague natural foci of Hebei Province and provide a reference for the prevention and control of plague in Hebei Province. Methods Worm nest fleas were obtained from birds in natural condition, and their fleas were identified and plague bacteriological tests. Results A total of 96 bird nests and 11 flea nest were collected. The flea fleece rate was 11.46% and flea index was 0.61. There were 2 species belonging to 1 genera and 1 genus, Euphorbiaceae and Sapophora flea of the leaf flea. Conclusion There are few species of birds such as sparrows, magpie, tits, crows and fleas in the natural foci of plague in Hebei Province. Although there is no evidence of Yersinia pestis, Intrusive nature preservation doctrine to be further studied.