近年来,随着研究的深入,一氧化氮(NO)越来越多的生物学功能逐渐被发现。以往国内外很多报道都证实NO在抗微生物感染方面起到重要作用,然而近年来的一些发现表明,NO对微生物的生长还起到保护作用,这种保护作用体现在NO能促进细菌的耐药及在氧化应激和压力应激时对微生物的保护等方面。本文综述了NO对微生物生长影响作用的两面性及其机制的研究进展。 In recent years, with the deepening of research, more and more biological functions of nitric oxide (NO) are gradually discovered. Many reports at home and abroad have confirmed that NO plays an important role in anti-microbial infection. However, some findings in recent years show that NO also plays a protective role in the growth of microorganisms. This protective effect is manifested in that NO can promote bacterial resistance And in the oxidative stress and stress on the protection of microorganisms and so on. This review summarizes the research progress on the duality of the effect of NO on microbial growth and its mechanism.