南非是非洲大陆经济最发达的国家,其国内生产总值约占整个非洲国内生产总值近20%。20世纪80年代初期至90年代初期,由于受国际社会的制裁,南非经济出现了衰退。但之后,新南非政府实施了“重建与发展计划”(RDP),在1996年推出了“增长、就业、再分配”(GEAR)等一系列宏观经济政策 South Africa is the most economically developed continent on the African continent with a gross domestic product of about 20% of the entire African GDP. From the early 1980s to early 1990s, South Africa’s economy experienced a recession due to the sanctions imposed by the international community. However, the new South African government implemented the “Reconstruction and Development Plan” (RDP) and launched a series of macroeconomic policies such as “Growth, Employment and Redistribution” (GEAR) in 1996