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目的了解内蒙古自治区近年来突发公共卫生事件的流行病学特征,为及时应对和有效控制事件的发生、发展,预防类似事件的继续出现提供科学依据。方法对内蒙古自治区2004～2010年发生、报告的突发公共卫生事件进行统计分析。结果内蒙古自治区2004～2010年期间,全区共发生、报告突发公共卫生事件172起,其中较大事件23起,一般事件149起。所有事件中传染病疫情达到116起,占报告事件总数的67.4%;其次是食物中毒34起,占报告事件总数的19.8%;环境污染引发的群体性发病事件及其他事件共17起,占报告事件总数的9.8%。在所有发生事件中有132起发生在学校,占报告事件总数的76.7%,事件涉及人数达8762人。结论 2004～2010全区突发公共卫生事件的监测预警、信息报告、现场处置的能力不断提升,各类突发公共卫生事件得到及时有效的预防和控制,未发生特别重大、重大突发公共卫生事件。学校突发公共卫生事件仍是构成该区突发公共卫生事件的主体,今后应加强基层疾病预防控制机构与各类学校之间联动的应急能力建设。
Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of public health emergencies in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region in recent years and provide a scientific basis for the timely response and effective control of the occurrence, development and prevention of similar incidents. Methods A statistical analysis of the emergent public health incidents occurred and reported in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region from 2004 to 2010 was conducted. Results During the period from 2004 to 2010 in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, 172 cases of public health emergencies were reported in the district, among which 23 were major and 149 were general. In all cases, the number of outbreaks of infectious diseases reached 116, accounting for 67.4% of the total number of reported incidents; followed by 34 food poisoning incidents, accounting for 19.8% of the total number of reported incidents; 17 cases of mass incidents and other incidents caused by environmental pollution, 9.8% of the total number of incidents Of all the incidents, 132 occurred in schools, accounting for 76.7% of the total reported incidents, and the incident involved a total of 8762 persons. Conclusion The ability of monitoring and early warning, information reporting and on-site disposal of public health emergencies in the region from 2004 to 2010 has been continuously improved. All kinds of public health emergencies have been promptly and effectively prevented and controlled. No special and significant public health emergencies have occurred event. School public health emergencies still constitute the main body of public health emergencies in the area. In the future, the emergency response capability of grass-roots disease prevention and control agencies and all kinds of schools should be strengthened.