目的:了解农村妇女宫颈癌及癌前病变的发病情况,分析其发病趋势,为农村妇女宫颈癌的防治提供依据。方法:对三亚地区35~59岁已婚农村妇女进行妇科检查、宫颈及阴道分泌物检查、宫颈脱落细胞检查(TCT),对TCT结果异常的对象行阴道镜和活检,病理检查确诊为癌前病变和宫颈癌的对象接受高危人乳头状瘤病毒(HPV)检测。结果:共筛查15916名农村妇女,筛查人群生殖道感染的发病率为48.31%,以细菌性阴道炎为主;癌前病变和宫颈癌的发病率分别为0.84%和18.85/10万,主要发病年龄分别是35~39岁和35~49岁;Ⅰ~Ⅲ期癌前病变高危HPV亚型的检出率分别为59.65%、75.00%和85.71%,宫颈癌高危HPV亚型的检出率为100.00%。结论:农村妇女宫颈癌和癌前病变的发病率较高,发病年龄有年轻化的趋势,高危HPV感染是宫颈癌发病的危险因素,应积极治疗生殖道感染,大力宣传健康保健知识,降低宫颈癌的发病率。 Objective: To understand the incidence of cervical cancer and precancerous lesions in rural women, analyze the trend of its occurrence and provide the basis for the prevention and treatment of cervical cancer in rural women. Methods: Gynecological examination, cervical and vaginal discharge examination, cervical exfoliated cell examination (TCT) were performed on rural married women aged from 35 to 59 in Sanya. Colposcopy and biopsy were performed on subjects with abnormal TCT results. Pathological examination was used to diagnose pre-cancerous Subjects with lesions and cervical cancer underwent high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) testing. Results: A total of 15916 rural women were screened for the prevalence of genital tract infection in the screening population was 48.31%, mainly bacterial vaginosis; the incidence of precancerous lesions and cervical cancer were 0.84% ​​and 18.85 / 100000, respectively, The main age of onset were 35-39 years old and 35-49 years old respectively. The detection rates of high-risk HPV subtypes in stage Ⅰ-Ⅲ precancerous lesions were 59.65%, 75.00% and 85.71% respectively. High-risk HPV subtypes were detected in cervical cancer The rate is 100.00%. Conclusions: The incidence of cervical cancer and precancerous lesions is higher in rural women and the age of onset is younger. The risk of HPV infection is a risk factor for cervical cancer. Active treatment of genital tract infections should be carried out to promote health knowledge and reduce the incidence of cervical cancer The incidence of cancer.