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目的:探讨多样化评价体系在不同学历麻醉学住院医师规范化培训(以下简称住培)中的应用，为评价其核心胜任力提供参考。方法:选取2016年9月至2017年8月在北京协和医院麻醉学住培基地接受住培的58名住院医师为研究对象，根据不同学历将其分为3组。其中，A组为在读麻醉学专业学位硕士研究生共25人，B组为已经获得八年制临床医学专业博士学位的住院医师共14人，C组为已经获得临床医学专业学士学位的住院医师共19人。设计并构建由多项选择题试题库季度考核、轮转病例登记系统、不定期日常临床工作抽样评价、客观结构化临床考试年度考核组成的多样化评价体系，综合分析住院医师各项考核成绩得出住院医师的医学知识、患者照护、职业素养、沟通能力和操作技能等5项核心胜任力成绩和总成绩，并为每名住院医师绘制核心胜任力雷达图，比较3组住院医师的核心胜任力。结果:A组、B组和C组住院医师在职业素养[(4.27±0.75)分比(4.55±0.51)分比(4.32±0.67)分]和患者照护能力[(4.00±0.60)分比(4.17±0.64)分比(3.97±0.62)分]方面的差异均无统计学意义(均n P>0.05)；在医学知识[(4.13±0.36)分比(4.12±0.34)分比(3.72±0.44)分]、沟通能力[(3.71±0.34)分比(4.02±0.24)分比(3.75±0.32)分]、操作技能[(4.15±0.27)分比(4.43±0.17)分比(4.19±0.18)分]和胜任力总成绩[(20.25±1.67)分比(21.29±1.41)分比(19.95±1.38)分]的差异均具有统计学意义(均n P0.05). There were significant differences in scores of medical knowledge[(4.13±0.36)vs(4.12±0.34)vs (3.72±0.44)], communication ability[(3.71±0.34)vs(4.02±0.24)vs(3.75±0.32)], technical skills[(4.15±0.27)vs(4.43±0.17)vs(4.19±0.18)] and total scores of competencies [(20.25±1.67)vs(21.29±1.41)vs(19.95±1.38)] (alln P<0.05). By analyzing the shape and characteristics of radar chart of residents with different degrees, it can be found that the relatively weak communication skills of residents in group A is the most common (12 people in group A), in group B, the equal clinical competencies of residents is the most common (8 peoplein group B), the poor medical knowledge in group C is the most common (8 people in group C).n Conclusions:The diversified evaluation system is helpful for the comprehensive evaluation of the core competence of the standardized trainging residents; the performance of core competencies of residents with different degree is different, which needs to be focused on in the training process according to the different characteristics of the residents.