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目的了解临床分离非发酵菌的临床分布及其对常用抗菌药物的耐药状况,为临床合理使用抗菌药物提供依据。方法对2012年1月-2015年12月临床分离的非发酵菌菌种构成、标本来源、科室分布及药敏结果进行回顾性分析。结果 2012-2015年共分离出非发酵菌2 408株,其检出率前四位依次为鲍曼不动杆菌(42.61%)、铜绿假单胞菌(36.34%)、其他不动杆菌属(6.73%)、嗜麦芽窄食单胞菌(6.06%);所有非发酵菌分离株以痰标本为主(占58.63%),其次为引流液(占21.22%);感染科室分布以烧伤科、呼吸内科为主,分别占18.23%、15.86%;药敏显示非发酵菌对抗菌药物耐药较为严重,其中鲍曼不动杆菌对亚胺培南和美罗培南2种抗菌药物耐药率大于66.5%;对头孢类药物敏感性差,对米诺环素耐药率最低,为22.2%;铜绿假单胞菌对大多数抗菌药物耐药率较低;嗜麦芽窄食单胞菌对头孢菌素敏感性差。结论本院临床分离的非发酵菌对常用抗菌药物的耐药情况较为严重,应加强对本地区非发酵菌耐药性的监测,合理使用抗菌药物以遏制耐药菌株的传播流行。
Objective To understand the clinical distribution of non-fermentive clinical isolates and their resistance to common antibacterials, and to provide a basis for rational use of antibacterials in clinic. Methods The clinical isolates from January 2012 to December 2015 were retrospectively analyzed for the composition of non-fermenting bacteria, the origin of samples, the distribution of the departments and the drug susceptibility results. Results A total of 2 408 strains of non-fermenting bacteria were isolated from 2012 to 2015. The top four isolates were Acinetobacter baumannii (42.61%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (36.34%), Acinetobacter spp 6.73%) and Stenotrophomonas maltophilia (6.06%). All the non-fermentative bacteria isolates were mainly sputum (58.63%), followed by drainage fluid (21.22%), Respiratory medicine, accounting for 18.23%, respectively, 15.86%; drug sensitivity showed that non-fermenting bacteria resistant to antibiotics is more serious, Acinetobacter baumannii and meropenem two kinds of antibacterial drug resistance rate greater than 66.5% ; The sensitivity to cephalosporins is poor, the resistance rate to minocycline is the lowest, which is 22.2%; the resistance rate of Pseudomonas aeruginosa to most antibiotics is low; Stenotrophomonas maltophilia is sensitive to cephalosporins Poor sex. Conclusion The clinical isolates of non-fermenting bacteria commonly used in antimicrobial resistance situation is more serious, we should strengthen the monitoring of non-fermentative bacteria in the region, the rational use of antimicrobial agents to prevent the spread of drug-resistant strains.