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颞骨切片技术是观察和评估实验性内耳病理学改变的重要手段。由于内耳复杂的迷宫式立体结构,从不同方向和角度获取的颞骨切片很难进行相互间的组织病理学比较。因此,统一颞骨标准切片技术规范,对于评判内耳听觉感受器和前庭各个平衡感受器以及耳蜗和前庭周边神经元的病变部位和病变程度十分重要,因为只有统一了规范的颞骨样品制备和切片角度,才有可能对实验性内耳病变做出正确的比较和评判。颞骨切片的标准方向是将切片平面平行于外耳道和内听道的水平面,从上鼓室向下鼓室方向依次收集到的需要进行重点评估的切片层次分别为上半规管壶腹嵴和外半规管壶腹嵴、椭圆囊斑和球囊斑及前庭上神经元、球囊斑和前庭下神经元、耳蜗中轴、内淋巴管及内淋巴囊、以及后半规管壶腹嵴。本文还根据作者的实践经验讨论了颞骨切片样品制备过程中有关样品固定、脱钙、颞骨整体染色、渗透和定向包埋等技术细节,期望能对从事内耳病理学研究的同道有所帮助。
Temporal bone biopsy is an important means to observe and evaluate the pathological changes of experimental inner ear. Due to the complicated labyrinth structure of the inner ear, it is very difficult to compare the histopathology with the temporal bone slices obtained from different directions and angles. Therefore, the standardization of temporal bone slices technical specifications, for the evaluation of the inner ear auditory receptors and the balance of the vestibular receptors and the cochlear and vestibular peripheral neurons of the lesion and degree of disease is very important, because only standardized uniform temporal bone sample preparation and slicing angle, only May be the correct comparison and evaluation of experimental inner ear lesions. The standard direction of the temporal bone slices is to slice the plane parallel to the level of the external auditory canal and ear canal, from the upper tympanum down the tympanic collected in order to focus on the assessment of the slice level were the upper semicircular canarial ridges and outer semicircular canar ridges , Oval and plaque and vestibular neurons, balloon plaques and vestibular neurons, cochlear axis, endolymphatic and endolymphatic sac, and posterior semicircular canarial ridges. According to the author’s practical experience, this paper discussed the technical details about sample fixation, decalcification, total temporal bone staining, osmosis and directional embedding during the preparation of temporal bone slices. It is hoped that this method may be helpful to the fellow who study the inner ear pathology.