“马克思主义是在斗争中发展的”,这是一个正确的命题,但是,以往对这个命题内容的阐述却有许多错误。本文则试图对此命题的内容作一个新的诠释。把阶级斗争、政治斗争等同于学术论争,这是以往在阐述“马克思主义是在斗争中发展的”命题时所出现的最大失误。“主义”一词,人们常常用来指谓一种思想作风或指一种社会制度。但是,最大量的、最基本的涵义是指一种系统的理论学说,如达尔文主义。“马克思主义是在斗争中发展的”论断中的“主义”,正是指作为一种完整的世界观、系统的理论学说的马克思主义。因此,诠释马克思主义在斗争中发展的前提就是:马克思主义是一个学术流派。 “Marxism is developing in the struggle.” This is a correct proposition. However, there have been many mistakes in the elaboration of the proposition in the past. This article attempts to make a new interpretation of the content of this proposition. Equating class struggle with political struggle with academic controversy is the biggest mistake ever made in elaborating the proposition that “Marxism is developing in the struggle.” The term “doctrine” is often used to refer to a style of thought or to a social system. However, the largest and most basic meaning refers to a systematic theory of theory, such as Darwinism. The “Marxism” in the assertion that “Marxism develops in the struggle” refers exactly to Marxism as a complete theory of the world and a systematic theory. Therefore, the premise for explaining the development of Marxism in the struggle is that Marxism is an academic school.