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目的:探讨早产儿颅内出血影响因素。方法:回顾性分析568例早产儿的临床资料,在出生后3~7天内应用便携式B超诊断仪进行床旁头颅B超检查,采用Papile分级颅内出血轻重程度。结果:胎龄≤32周或体重≤1500g的早产儿颅内出血发生率高于胎龄>32周或体重>1500g的早产儿(P<0.05),且重度颅内出血的发生率明显升高(P<0.01)。阴道分娩早产儿颅内出血发生率高于剖宫产早产儿(P<0.05)。窒息与无窒息早产儿颅内出血发生率无明显差异,且与性别无明显差异。结论:胎龄越小、体重越低,越易发生颅内出血;阴道分娩可增加早产儿颅内出血风险。
Objective: To investigate the influencing factors of intracranial hemorrhage in premature infants. Methods: The clinical data of 568 preterm infants were retrospectively analyzed. B - ultrasound of bedside cranial ultrasound was performed within 3 to 7 days after birth. The severity of intracranial hemorrhage was assessed by Papile. Results: The incidence of intracranial hemorrhage in preterm infants with gestational age ≤32 weeks or body weight ≤1500g was higher than that in preterm infants with gestational age> 32 weeks or body weight> 1500g (P <0.05), and the incidence of severe intracranial hemorrhage was significantly increased (P <0.01). The incidence of intracranial hemorrhage in preterm infants with vaginal delivery was higher than that in cesarean section preterm infants (P <0.05). There was no significant difference in the incidence of intracranial hemorrhage between asphyxia and asphyxia preterm infants, and there was no significant difference with sex. Conclusion: The smaller the gestational age, the lower the body weight, the more prone to intracranial hemorrhage; vaginal delivery can increase the risk of intracranial hemorrhage in preterm children.