自从集装箱运输方式逐步替代传统的散杂货运输方式以来,全世界国际集装箱的总量不断扩大。目前大约为1600万TEU。随着箱子存量的不断增加和国际贸易货量不平衡的扩大,东西向箱运量的不平衡在加剧。仅在跨太平洋集装箱运输方面,东向和西向集装箱装船量的比例约为2比1。这就意味着一年约有300万TEU的差额。箱运量的不平衡导致了空箱和闲置的集装箱的不断增加。例如美国每年通过海洋集装箱运输 Since the container shipping method has gradually replaced the traditional bulk grocery shipping method, the total volume of international containers worldwide has been continuously expanding. Currently about 16 million TEU. With the increasing stock of boxes and the imbalance in the volume of international trade, the imbalance in the volume of east-west containers is aggravating. In trans-Pacific container transport alone, the ratio of container shipments to the east and west to the container is about 2 to 1. This means a difference of about 3 million TEUs a year. Imbalance in container throughput has led to an increase in empty containers and unused containers. For example, the United States ships annually through ocean containers