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目的了解泸州市18岁及以上体检人群中存在的主要慢性病及危险因素,为制定针对性的防控策略提供科学依据。方法利用各区县上报的“四川省基层医疗卫生机构信息系统”健康体检表数据,应用SPSS 17.0软件进行数据的统计分析。结果 18岁及以上居民304 087人中,主要慢性病患病率:(1)既往确诊高血压患病率24.50%,标化率12.42%,女性(标化率12.93%)高于男性(标化率11.92%);(2)确诊糖尿病患病率11.95%,标化率7.38%,女性(标化率7.81%)高于男性(标化率6.96%);随年龄增长,两病患病率均呈上升趋势。主要慢性病相关危险因素流行率:不锻炼率78.5%,吸烟率23.2%,超重率29.9%,肥胖率10.2%。慢病高风险人群检出率81.59%。结论威胁该市人群的主要疾病是以心脑血管病、糖尿病、慢阻肺、癌症为主的4大类慢性病。主要的慢性病相关危险因素为体育锻炼不足、吸烟、超重和肥胖。各年龄组慢性病高风险人群高发或将成为庞大的慢性病患者后备军。遏制慢性病上升的势头关键在于阻止高风险人群发展成患者,唯一有效的防控措施就是对该人群的慢性病相关危险因素进行强有力的干预。
Objective To understand the main chronic diseases and risk factors in the population aged 18 years and over in Luzhou city and provide a scientific basis for the development of targeted prevention and control strategies. Methods Using the data of Health Information System of Primary Health Care Institutions in Sichuan Province reported by districts and counties, SPSS 17.0 software was used to analyze the data. Results Among the 304 087 residents aged 18 and over, the prevalence of major chronic diseases was: (1) the prevalence of previously diagnosed hypertension was 24.50%, the standardization rate was 12.42%, and the female rate (standardized rate was 12.93%) was higher than that of men Rate of 11.92%); (2) The prevalence of diabetes was 11.95%, standardized rate 7.38%, female (standardized rate 7.81%) higher than men (standardized rate 6.96%); with age, the prevalence of two diseases All showed an upward trend. Prevalence of risk factors related to major chronic diseases: non-exercise rate 78.5%, smoking rate 23.2%, overweight rate 29.9% and obesity rate 10.2%. The detection rate of people with chronic disease and high risk is 81.59%. Conclusions The main diseases that threaten the population of the city are four kinds of chronic diseases mainly including cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, diabetes, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and cancer. The main risk factors associated with chronic diseases were physical inactivity, smoking, overweight and obesity. High risk of chronic diseases in all age groups or will become a huge reserve of patients with chronic diseases. The key to curbing the rising trend of chronic diseases is to prevent the development of high-risk populations into patients. The only effective prevention and control measure is to forcefully intervene in the chronic diseases-related risk factors in this population.