医院建筑,作为一类与人类生活密切相关的公共建筑,随着人民生活水平的日益提高与改善,随着医疗技术、医疗设备的飞速发展与更新,其有关的设计理论研究和创作实践已呈现出一派异彩纷呈的繁荣景象。在新的医学模式、新的设备条件下,如何为患者提供更有效更舒适的治疗环境,已成为当今医院建筑设计者亟待解决的向题。从十九世纪中叶南丁格尔病房护理单元的产生到六十年代以美国的约翰、霍普金医院为楷模的密集型高层医院,以至当今开始建造的庭院式、树枝型、网络型低层医院,医院建筑的发展已进入了第三代,提出了以病人为主,医院为病人服务的口号,使医院建筑设计者已开始把目光转向患者,力图创造一个亲切舒适、安逸、宁静、欢愉的空间气氛,来淡化严峻冷漠的传统医院意识。除满足病员基本的生物学需求外,已更加重视人的社会、心理需求,打破了那种僵化的和令人恐惧的“医疗机器”的含意,并求得高技术与高情感、高效益与低费用之间的统一协调。医院建筑的这一转变 Hospital construction, as a public building closely related to human life, with the improvement and improvement of people’s living standards, with the rapid development and renewal of medical technology and medical equipment, relevant research theories of design theory and creative practices have been presented. A flourishing scene of prosperity. Under the new medical model and new equipment conditions, how to provide patients with a more effective and comfortable treatment environment has become an urgent issue to be solved by today's hospital architecture designers. From the birth of the Nightingale Ward care unit in the mid-nineteenth century to the intensive high-level hospitals of the United States in the 1960s with the Johns Hopkin Hospital in the United States, as well as the courtyard-type, dendritic, and network-based low-level hospitals that began construction today. The development of hospital buildings has entered the third generation. The slogan of focusing on patients and hospital services for patients has been proposed, so that hospital architects have begun to turn their attention to patients, trying to create a cordial comfort, comfort, tranquility and joy. The space atmosphere has played down the sense of serious and cold traditional hospitals. In addition to satisfying the basic biological needs of the patients, they have paid more attention to the social and psychological needs of the people, broke the rigid and frightening “medical machine” and sought high technology, high emotionality, and high efficiency. Unified coordination between low costs. This transformation of hospital architecture