论文部分内容阅读
利用2013-2015年江苏省粳稻新品种区域试验数据,对参试的杂交粳稻与常规粳稻主要农艺性状、品质性状及抗病性进行比较分析。结果表明:与常规粳稻相比,杂交粳稻在株高、分蘖率和每穗总粒数上具有较强的正向竞争优势,但成穗率、有效穗数、结实率、千粒质量为负优势,杂交粳稻在产量上没有明显的竞争优势。相关分析、多元线性回归分析和通径分析结果表明,每穗总粒数与结实率对杂交粳稻产量贡献最大。杂交粳稻的主要品质性状与常规粳稻相比具有一定的竞争优势;垩白粒率和垩白度在各类型品种(组合)间的变异系数明显大于其他品质性状。杂交粳稻的垩白粒率、垩白度及直链淀粉含量优质达标率均偏低,表明垩白粒率和垩白度高以及直链淀粉含量偏低是制约江苏省杂交粳稻品质性状提高的主要因素。杂交粳稻对苗瘟、穗颈瘟、条纹叶枯病的抗性总体强于常规粳稻,对纹枯病的抗性总体弱于常规粳稻;对白叶枯病的抗性,与常规粳稻相比,杂交中粳较弱,杂交晚粳较强。综上所述,江苏省杂交粳稻育种中在提高每穗总粒数和结实率的基础上应加强垩白性状的改良,并重视综合抗病性的选择。
The main agronomic traits, quality traits and disease resistance of japonica hybrid rice and japonica hybrid rice were compared using the regional trial data of Jiangsu new rice varieties from 2013 to 2015. The results showed that japonica hybrid rice had a strong positive competitive advantage in plant height, tillering rate and total grains per panicle compared with conventional japonica rice, but the panicle rate, panicle number, seed setting rate and grain weight per panicle were negative Advantages, hybrid japonica rice in the yield no obvious competitive advantage. Correlation analysis, multivariate linear regression analysis and path analysis showed that the total grains per spike and seed setting rate contributed the most to the yield of hybrid japonica rice. The main quality traits of japonica hybrid rice had certain competitive advantages compared with conventional japonica rice. The coefficient of variation of chalky grain rate and chalkiness in all varieties (combinations) were obviously higher than those of other quality traits. The quality compliance rate of chalkiness, chalkiness and amylose content of japonica hybrid rice was low, which indicated that the chalky grain rate and chalkiness were high and the low amylose content restricted the quality traits of japonica hybrid rice in Jiangsu Province major factor. Resistance to blast blight, panicle neck blast and striped leaf blight in japonica hybrid rice was generally stronger than that in conventional japonica rice, and the resistance to sheath blight was weaker than that of conventional japonica rice. The resistance to bacterial leaf blight was higher than that of conventional japonica rice, The hybrid japonica japonica was weak and the hybrid japonica was strong. In summary, in hybrid japonica rice breeding in Jiangsu Province to improve the total number of grains per panicle and seed setting should be based on the improvement of chalky traits, and emphasis on the selection of integrated disease resistance.