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目的：研究观察采用后腹腔镜肾囊肿去顶术治疗肾囊肿的临床疗效。方法：选取2011年3月至2012年3月期间在我院采取后腹腔镜肾囊肿去顶术治疗的36例肾囊肿患者，将其随机分为观察组与对照组，每组各18例。对照组患者采用开放肾囊肿去顶术进行治疗，而观察组患者则采用后腹腔镜肾囊肿去顶术进行治疗。记录两组患者的术中出血量、手术时间、引流管拔除时间、肠蠕动恢复时间、术后下床时间以及术后住院天数等指标，并进行对比。结果：⑴两组患者的引流管拔除时间比较，差异无统计学意义（P＞0．05）；两组患者的肠蠕动恢复时间比较，差异显著有统计学意义（P＜0．05）；两组患者的术中出血量、手术时间、术后下床时间以及术后住院天数等指标比较，差异显著均有统计学意义（P均＜0．01）。⑵观察组患者无一例有并发症发生，而对照组18例患者中有3例在手术过程中出现胸膜损伤现象，2例在手术结束后因脂肪液化或者感染导致伤口愈合不佳。⑶对两组患者均进行2-12个月的随访，均未有一例患者出现复发现象。结论：采用后腹腔镜肾囊肿去顶术治疗肾囊肿，具有术中出血量少，手术时间以及术后下床时间、住院时间短等优势，是一种科学、有效、安全的治疗方法，值得临床推广应用。“,”Objective :study of retroperitoneoscopic laparoscopic renal cyst unroofing for renal cyst .Method :36 cases of renal cyst patients during 2011 March to 2012 March were selected by retroperitoneoscopic unroofing of renal cyst treated in our hospital ,which were randomly divided into observation group and control group ,each group of 18 cases .The control group were treated by open renal cyst unroofing for treatment ,while the patients in the observation group was retroperitoneoscopic unroofing of renal cyst treatment .Record two groups of pa-tients with intraoperative bleeding volume ,operation time ,hospitalization time after drainage indexes and operation tube removal time ,recov-ery time of intestinal peristalsis ,postoperative ambulation ,and carries on the contrast .Results :⑴ The drainage tube removal time of two groups of patients ,no significant difference (P > 0 .05);compared two groups of patients with recovery time of intestinal peristalsis ,signifi-cant difference was statistically significant (P < 0 .05);the two groups of patients with perioperative bleeding ,operation time ,postoperative ambulation time and postoperative hospital stay .Index comparison ,significant differences were statistically significant (P < 0 .01) .⑵ The patients in the observation group with no complications ,and 18 patients in the control group with 3 cases of pleural injury during the opera-tion ,2 cases at the end of the operation or after fat liquefaction infection can lead to poor wound healing .⑶ The two groups of patients were followed up for 2 -12 months ,no recurrence was observed phenomenon .Conclusions :Retroperitoneoscopic renal cyst unroofing for renal cyst ,has less bleeding ,operation time and postoperative time ,short hospitalization time and other advantages ,is a therapeutic method of scien-tific ,effective ,safe ,worthy of clinical application .