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目的了解靖江市2008—2012年手足口病流行特征。方法应用描述性流行病学方法,对靖江市监测资料进行分析,采用荧光定量PCR法对部分手足口病标本进行肠道病毒核酸检测。结果靖江市2008—2012年手足口病年均发病率为112.29/10万,呈上升趋势。城区发病率高于农村;男性发病率高于女性,男女比为1.73∶1;发病人群以≤5岁儿童为主,占92.85%;发病高峰集中在4—7月。病原学检测以肠道病毒71型(EV71)、柯萨奇病毒A16型(CoxA16)为主,重症病例中EV71占83.33%。结论靖江市手足口病有明显的地区性、季节性和高发人群;流行病原体主要为EV71和CoxA16。应针对重点人群采取综合性的防控措施。
Objective To understand the epidemic characteristics of hand, foot and mouth disease in Jingjiang from 2008 to 2012. Methods Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze the monitoring data of Jingjiang City. The samples of hand, foot and mouth disease were detected by fluorescence quantitative PCR for detection of enterovirus nucleic acid. Results The annual average incidence of hand-foot-mouth disease in Jingjiang was 112.29 / 100 000 between 2008 and 2012, showing an upward trend. The prevalence rate in urban areas was higher than that in rural areas. The incidence of males was higher than that of females, the ratio of male to female was 1.73:1. The majority of children were ≤5 years old, accounting for 92.85%. The peak incidence was from April to July. The etiological tests mainly included enterovirus 71 (EV71) and CoxA16 (CoxA16), accounting for 83.33% of the severe cases. Conclusion Hand, foot and mouth disease in Jingjiang has obvious regional, seasonal and high incidence population; the main epidemic pathogens are EV71 and CoxA16. Should focus on the crowd to take comprehensive prevention and control measures.