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为探究不同施氮量对茄子产量、品质及肥料利用率的影响,以陇优长茄为试验材料,采用盆栽试验,测定了不同施氮水平下(0,192,231,288,384 kg/hm~2),茄子干物质积累量、产量、营养品质及各器官养分含量。结果表明,茄子产量随着氮肥用量的增加先升高后降低,T2产量最高,为61 920 kg/hm~2。氮肥用量(x)与茄子产量(y)之间存在显著的相关关系,数学模型为y=-0.570 9x2+290.03x+22 915,R2=0.989 9**。各施肥处理中,可溶性糖和可溶性蛋白含量均以T2最高,分别为3.433%和2.264 mg/g;维生素C以T1最高,为70.610 mg/100g;硝酸盐含量以T1最低,为311.952 mg/kg。氮肥利用率随着施氮量的减少而升高,T1最高,为36.78%;磷、钾的利用率都以T2最高,分别为23.23%,33.82%。因此,适当减少氮肥用量(T2)能够使茄子产量达到最高的同时,还可显著改善茄子品质、提高肥料的利用率。
In order to explore the effects of different nitrogen application rates on eggplant yield, quality and fertilizer utilization efficiency, pot experiments were conducted to determine the effects of nitrogen application rates (0,192,231,288,384 kg / hm ~ 2), Eggplant dry matter Accumulation, yield, nutritional quality and nutrient content of various organs. The results showed that the yield of eggplant increased first and then decreased with the increase of nitrogen application rate, and the highest yield of T2 was 61 920 kg / hm ~ 2. There was a significant correlation between the amount of nitrogen fertilizer (x) and eggplant yield (y). The mathematical model was y = -0.570 9x2 + 290.03x + 22 915, R2 = 0.989 9 **. The contents of soluble sugar and soluble protein were the highest in T2 (3.433% and 2.264 mg / g), the highest T1 (70.610 mg / 100g) for vitamin C and the lowest (311.952 mg / kg) in T1 . The nitrogen use efficiency increased with the decrease of nitrogen application rate, and the highest T1 was 36.78%. The highest phosphorus and potassium utilization rates were T2, which were 23.23% and 33.82% respectively. Therefore, reducing the amount of nitrogen fertilizer (T2) can achieve the highest eggplant yield, but also significantly improve eggplant quality and fertilizer utilization.