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目的分析1683例狂犬疫苗接种者的流行病学特征及预防接种情况,为制定及时有效的狂犬病防治措施提供依据。方法回顾分析2013-2015年预防保健门诊部1683例接种狂犬病疫苗人员资料。结果因被狗、猫、鼠等动物咬(抓)伤且接种狂犬疫苗者共1683例。其中,男809例(48%),女874例(52%),性别比1:1.1;其中0-10岁308例(18.3%)和41-50岁334例(19.8%)组病例分布相对多一点,由此可见,被犬致伤与年龄有关;伤人动物以犬类为主1200例(71.3%);一年四季均有致伤情况,致伤高发月份为8月份220例(13.1%),低发月份为2月份78例(4.6%);大多数暴露者能在24小时内就诊。结论加强犬、猫、鼠等动物的管理,普及群众狂犬病防治知识,暴露后要正确处理伤口,及时注射狂犬疫苗和狂犬病免疫球蛋白是预防狂犬病发生的有效措施。
Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics and vaccination status of 1683 rabies vaccine recipients and provide the basis for establishing a timely and effective rabies prevention and control measures. Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on the data of 1683 rabies vaccination workers in preventive health clinics in 2013-2015. Results As a result of dogs, cats, rats and other animal bites (scratching) and vaccinated rabies vaccine were a total of 1683 cases. There were 809 (48%) males and 874 females (52%) females with a sex ratio of 1: 1.1. There were 308 cases (18.3%) of 0-10 years and 334 cases (19.8%) of 41-50 years old A little more, we can see that dogs were injured and age-related; wounded animals predominantly dogs in 1200 cases (71.3%); injuries all year round, the highest incidence of injury in August for 220 cases (13.1 %), And low-fat month was 78 cases (4.6%) in February; most of the exposed patients can be seen within 24 hours. Conclusion It is an effective measure to prevent the occurrence of rabies by strengthening the management of dogs, cats, mice and other animals, popularizing the knowledge of prevention and treatment of rabies in the masses, correctly treating the wounds after the exposure, and injecting rabies vaccine and rabies immunoglobulin timely.