目的介绍单鼻孔经蝶窦入路切除垂体腺瘤的显微手术技术和并发症的处理。方法对128例垂体腺瘤的手术入路、术中操作和并发症的处理进行分析,随访85例患者3~12个月。结果104例(82%)垂体腺瘤全切除,24例(18%)次全切除。无死亡和残疾等严重并发症。结论单鼻孔经蝶窦入路具有微创、节时、安全和并发症少等优点。但是,必须掌握相关的解剖和手术技巧。 Objective To introduce microsurgical techniques and complications in the treatment of pituitary adenoma by single nostril transsphenoidal approach. Methods 128 cases of pituitary adenomas surgical approach, operation and complications of the treatment were analyzed, 85 patients were followed up for 3 to 12 months. Results 104 cases (82%) of pituitary adenomas were resected completely and 24 cases (18%) of subtotal resections. No serious complications such as death and disability. Conclusion Single nostril transsphenoidal approach has the advantages of minimally invasive, timely, safe and less complications. However, relevant anatomy and surgical skills must be mastered.