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以10个玉米F1代杂交种和18个玉米自交系为材料,研究玉米出籽率、千粒重和单穗粒重的改良效果和杂种优势等。结果表明,导入PH6WC的改良系在千粒重和单穗粒重方面明显优于未改良系,千粒重、单穗粒重的增幅分别为2.6%~12.3%和4.4%~9.5%;导入PH4CV的改良系在出籽率和单穗粒重方面明显优于未改良系,出籽率、单穗粒重的增幅分别为-0.3%~12.0%和16.8%~34.8%。新组合PH6WC×辽3250、辽3358×PH4CV和PH6WC×辽3258的产量分别为12 731.5、12 485.5、12 396.3 kg/hm2,与对照郑单958相比增产幅度达显著水平,具有较高的利用潜力。F1杂交种的出籽率呈近中亲遗传,千粒重和单穗粒重呈超显性遗传,均表现出正向杂种优势。
Ten hybrid F1 hybrids and 18 maize inbred lines were used as materials to study the effects of improved seed yield, 1000-grain weight and grain weight per plant, and heterosis. The results showed that the improved lines introduced PH6WC were significantly superior to those of unmodified lines in terms of 1000-grain weight and grain-per-spike. The grain weight per 1000-grain weight and grain weight per plant increased 2.6% -12.3% and 4.4% -9.5%, respectively. The grain yield and grain weight per spike were significantly higher than those of the unmodified ones in seed yield and grain weight per spike, which were -0.3% ~ 12.0% and 16.8% ~ 34.8% respectively. The yield of the new combination PH6WC × Liao 3250, Liao 3358 × PH4CV and PH6WC × Liao 3258 was 12 731.5, 12 485.5 and 12 396.3 kg / hm 2, respectively, which was significantly higher than the control Zhengdan 958 potential. F1 hybrid seedling rate was nearly pro-genetic, thousand-grain weight and grain weight per plant was super dominant genetic, showed positive heterosis.