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目的分析2013年部分企事业单位在职职工体检中糖尿病和空腹血糖受损检出率、高血压检出率及知晓率,为糖尿病及高血压防治提供依据。方法选取2013年在我院健康管理中心体检的3 646名企事业单位在职职工作为研究对象,从工作性质上分为两组,即事业单位组1 652人,企业单位组1 994人;男性1 599人,女性2 047人,年龄22~60岁。空腹血糖和餐后2h血糖测定用全自动生化分析仪(雅培C16 000)。分别计算企事业单位和男女性别人群糖尿病、空腹血糖受损的检出率和高血压检出率及知晓率。应用χ2检验进行率的比较。结果 3 646名企事业单位在职职工糖尿病、空腹血糖受损及高血压检出率分别为3.26%、7.16%和19.03%,企业单位职工分别为4.51%、5.77%和21.77%,事业单位职工分别为1.76%、8.84%和15.74%;男性职工分别为5.38%、9.38%和29.58%,女性职工检出率分别为1.61%、5.42%和10.80%。企业职工高血压知晓率为43.09%,事业职工为60.38%;男性职工为49.47%,女性职工为49.77%。企业单位职工糖尿病及高血压检出率高于事业单位,男性高于女性;事业单位职工空腹血糖增高检出率高于企业单位,男性高于女性;事业单位职工高血压知晓率高于企业单位,男女性别差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论健康理念与职业、环境密切相关。
Objective To analyze the detection rate of diabetes and impaired fasting glucose, the detection rate of hypertension and the rate of awareness of hypertension during the physical examination of employees in some enterprises and public institutions in 2013, and provide evidences for the prevention and treatment of diabetes mellitus and hypertension. Methods A total of 3 646 active employees of enterprises and institutions, which were examined in our hospital’s health management center in 2013, were selected as research objects and divided into two groups according to the nature of their work, that is, 1 652 institutions and 1 994 enterprises and units; 1 599 people, 2 047 women, aged 22 to 60 years. Fasting blood glucose and 2h postprandial blood glucose were measured using an automated biochemical analyzer (Abbott C16 000). Calculate the detection rate of diabetes, impaired fasting glucose and the detection rate and awareness rate of hypertension in enterprises and institutions and in male and female population respectively. Χ2 test using the rate of comparison. Results The prevalence of diabetes, impaired fasting glucose and hypertension in 3 646 enterprises were 3.26%, 7.16% and 19.03% respectively. The employees in enterprises were 4.51%, 5.77% and 21.77% respectively. The employees of institutions 1.76%, 8.84% and 15.74% respectively. The male employees were 5.38%, 9.38% and 29.58% respectively. The detection rate of female workers was 1.61%, 5.42% and 10.80% respectively. The awareness rate of hypertension among enterprise employees was 43.09%, that of employees was 60.38%, that of male employees was 49.47%, and that of female employees was 49.77%. The detection rate of diabetes and hypertension was higher in enterprises than that in institutions, and in males it was higher than that in females. The detection rate of fasting blood glucose in institutions was higher than that in enterprises and men were higher than those in females. The awareness rate of hypertension in institutions was higher than that in enterprises There was no significant difference between male and female (P> 0.05). Conclusion The concept of health is closely related to occupation and environment.