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承压类特种设备广泛应用于人民生活和社会生产领域,其材料多在苛刻工况下使用,受腐蚀介质、交变应力、腐蚀介质和应力载荷协同作用影响,容易导致失效行为。因此,确保设备安全使用,必须充分考虑其失效行为,研究其在腐蚀介质、交变应力、腐蚀介质和应力载荷协同作用下的失效机理。本文选取了所从事的特种设备检验工作过程中发生的承压设备材料失效事故的部分案例分析,研究其在特定介质下随载荷作用增加,在自然状态、弹性变形、塑性变形状态下的失效行为,分析了材料在腐蚀介质和载荷协同作用下的失效机理。
Pressure-type special equipment is widely used in people’s lives and social production, the materials used in harsh conditions, under the influence of corrosive media, alternating stress, corrosive media and stress load synergy, easily lead to failure behavior. Therefore, to ensure the safe use of equipment, we must fully consider its failure behavior and study its failure mechanism under the corrosive medium, alternating stress, corrosive medium and stress load. In this paper, we select some case studies of failure of material-bearing equipment during the inspection of special equipment, and investigate the failure behavior under certain conditions with the increase of load under natural conditions, elastic deformation and plastic deformation , The failure mechanism of the material under the corrosive medium and load synergy is analyzed.