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针对吉林省西部半干旱区的生态特点,研究氮素营养水平对膜下滴灌条件玉米净光合速率、叶绿素荧光参数、光合酶活性和产量的影响。结果表明,适宜的氮肥施用量可显著提高叶片光合性能,随着氮肥施用量的逐渐增加,叶片气体交换参数也逐渐升高;当氮肥超过300 kg/hm2时,各项指标开始下降。在荧光诱导动力学参数中,最大光化学效率(Fv/Fm)对种植模式的改变比较敏感,膜下滴灌下各处理平均Fv/Fm均显著高于同期普通生产田对照,随着施氮量的增加Fv/Fm增加;高氮处理穗位叶Fv/Fm无显著差异。施用氮肥均增加了玉米穗位叶PEP和Ru BP羧化酶活性。在膜下滴灌模式下,玉米达到最高产量时的氮肥施用量为200 kg/hm2,与300 kg/hm2时的产量无显著差异;非膜下滴灌玉米获得最高产量时的施氮量为300 kg/hm2。
In view of the ecological characteristics of semiarid areas in western Jilin Province, the effects of N level on net photosynthetic rate, chlorophyll fluorescence parameters, photosynthetic enzyme activities and yield of maize under drip irrigation were studied. The results showed that suitable nitrogen application rates could significantly increase the photosynthetic capacity of leaves. With the increasing of nitrogen application rate, the gas exchange parameters of leaves increased gradually. When the nitrogen application rate exceeded 300 kg / hm2, the indexes decreased. Under the fluorescence-induced kinetic parameters, the maximum photochemical efficiency (Fv / Fm) was more sensitive to the change of cropping patterns. The average Fv / Fm of the treatments under drip irrigation under mulch was significantly higher than that of the normal production field. Increase Fv / Fm increase; high nitrogen treatment ear position Fv / Fm no significant difference. Nitrogen application increased PEP and Ru BP carboxylase activity in maize leaves. Under the drip irrigation mode, nitrogen application rate of 200 kg / hm2 was the highest when the corn reached the highest yield, and no significant difference was found between the yield and the yield of 300 kg / hm2. The highest nitrogen application rate was 300 kg / hm2.