人是生而自由的,但却无往不在枷锁之中。——卢梭《项链》是莫泊桑的短篇名作之一。其中的女主人公玛蒂尔德悲剧性的浮沉,无疑是作品具有深刻的人生哲理和巨大的思想力量的重要原因。然而,玛蒂尔德的悲剧究竟是个什么样的悲剧,这却是个不能不辨的问题。玛蒂尔德是这样一个女子:生活平平但却不肯满足,出身低微但却渴望奢华,因而受到生活的嘲弄、命运的打击。所以人们通常认为,“小说辛辣地嘲讽了小资产者图虚荣、爱幻想的劣根性”。因而玛蒂尔德成为被否定的小资产阶级妇女形象,她的富于幻想、追求荣华也成为必须加以抛弃的小资产阶级虚荣心里。这种简单化的观点无形中淹没了作品的深刻内蕴。不错,玛蒂尔德的确是太不现实了,“她没有陪嫁的资产,没有希望,没有任何 People are born free, but they are not in chains at all. - Rousseau “necklace” is one of Maupassant short masterpiece. Among them, the tragic ups and downs of Matilda, the heroine, undoubtedly are the important reasons for the profound philosophical connotation and immense ideological power of his works. However, what kind of tragedy Matilda’s tragedy is? This is a question that can not be discerned. Mathilde is such a woman: ordinary life but unwilling to meet, low but desires luxury, and therefore by the mockery of life, the fate of the blow. Therefore, people generally think that “the novel spicyly ridiculed the petty bourgeoisie’s vanity and the illusory nature of fantasy.” As a result, Mathilde became a denied image of the petty bourgeoisie. Her imagination and pursuit of glory became the petty bourgeois vanity that must be abandoned. This simplistic view virtually inundated the profound connotation of the work. It is true that Mathilde is indeed too unrealistic. "She has no dowry assets, no hope, no