目的探讨血清降钙素原和C-反应蛋白在小儿社区获得性肺炎中的诊断应用。方法选择2010年8月~2013年1月收治的54例CAP患儿为实验组,健康对照组54例,所有研究对象均抽取静脉血,用离心机离心后留取血清置于-20℃环境中,采用免疫化学发光法测降PCT,免疫散射比浊法测CRP。结果 CAP患者血清PCT和CRP均显著高于健康对照组而大叶性肺炎组患儿PCT和CRP也明显高于支气管肺炎组。结论血清PCT在敏感性和特异性均显著优于CRP,能够为临床医生及早判断肺部感染类型,选择合适的抗菌药物提供准确可靠的依据。 Objective To investigate the diagnostic value of serum procalcitonin and C-reactive protein in children with community-acquired pneumonia. Methods 54 cases of CAP children admitted from August 2010 to January 2013 were selected as the experimental group and 54 healthy control subjects. Venous blood was drawn from all the subjects and centrifuged to collect the serum at -20 ℃ In the immunochemiluminescence method, the PCT was measured and the immunoprecipitation turbidimetry was used to measure CRP. Results The serum levels of PCT and CRP in CAP patients were significantly higher than those in healthy controls and PCT and CRP in patients with lobar pneumonia were significantly higher than those in patients with bronchial pneumonia. Conclusions Serum PCT is significantly superior to CRP in sensitivity and specificity. It can provide accurate and reliable evidence for clinicians to judge the type of pulmonary infection as early as possible and select suitable antimicrobial agents.