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以铝粉(+200目)为基体、准晶颗粒(粒度≤30μm)为增强相,采用粉末冶金法制备了准晶颗粒增强铝基复合材料。采用光学显微镜、扫描电镜、能谱分析仪分析了该复合材料的微观组织及界面结合特征,并用TMA设备研究了复合材料在25～500℃的热膨胀行为。XRD和SEM分析结果均证明准晶具有良好的结构和热稳定性。准晶颗粒与Al基体之间存在成分均匀且界面厚度均匀的过渡层(厚度<1μm),且准晶颗粒在Al基体内均匀分布。TMA结果表明:颗粒尺寸对复合材料的热膨胀系数影响最为显著,当颗粒尺寸为10～30μm时,其线膨胀系数达到最小值16.25×10-6/℃;复合材料的热膨胀系数随着颗粒含量的增加而减小。
Using Al powder (+200 mesh) as matrix and quasicrystalline particles (particle size ≤30μm) as reinforcing phase, a quasicrystalline particle reinforced Al matrix composite was prepared by powder metallurgy. The microstructure and interfacial bonding characteristics of the composites were analyzed by optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive spectroscopy. The thermal expansion behavior of the composites at 25-500 ℃ was investigated by TMA. The results of XRD and SEM show that the quasicrystal has good structure and thermal stability. Between the quasicrystalline grains and the Al matrix, there is a transition layer (thickness <1μm) with uniform composition and uniform interface thickness, and the quasicrystalline grains are uniformly distributed in the Al matrix. TMA results show that the particle size has the most significant effect on the thermal expansion coefficient of the composites. When the particle size is 10 ~ 30μm, the linear expansion coefficient reaches the minimum of 16.25 × 10-6 / ℃. The thermal expansion coefficient of the composites increases with the particle content Increase and decrease.