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目的 探讨多普勒肾血流检测在儿童肾实质疾病的病理生理学意义及应用价值。方法 用多普勒超声检测肾实质疾病及健康学龄儿童各30例的主肾动脉、段动脉及叶间动脉的多普勒血流频谱，检测指标为收缩期最大峰值流速(Vmax)、舒张末最低流速(Vmin)、Vmax/Vmin(S/D)、阻力指数(RI)、脉动指数(PI)。结果 11例典型急性肾炎水肿少尿期多普勒肾血流频谱呈低速高阻型，2～3周尿量增多水肿消失后各项肾血流参数恢复正常。原发肾病综合征水肿期和恢复期肾血流频谱均为低阻力型。慢性肾功能不全组多普勒频谱均呈低速高阻型。结论 多普勒超声检测肾血流RI、PI及S/D为儿童肾脏病的诊断、疗效观察及预后评价提供了一种新方法。
Objective To explore the pathophysiological significance of Doppler renal blood flow test in children with renal parenchymal disease and its application value. Methods Doppler ultrasound was used to detect the Doppler flow spectrum of the renal parenchymal disease and the main renal artery, segmental arteries and interlobal arteries in 30 healthy school-aged children. The indexes of detection were the maximal peak systolic velocity (Vmax), end diastolic Minimum flow rate (Vmin), Vmax / Vmin (S / D), resistance index (RI), pulsation index (PI). Results 11 cases of typical acute nephritis edema oliguria Doppler renal blood flow spectrum was low-speed high-resistance type, 2 to 3 weeks after the disappearance of increased urine volume edema of the renal blood flow parameters returned to normal. Primary nephrotic syndrome edema and convalescent renal blood flow spectrum are low resistance. Chronic renal insufficiency Doppler spectrum were low-speed high-resistance type. Conclusion Doppler ultrasound detection of renal blood flow RI, PI and S / D for the diagnosis of kidney disease in children, the efficacy of observation and prognosis evaluation provides a new method.