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为了指导高CO2浓度条件下甘蓝型油菜Brassica napus L.合理施氮、创建油菜高产高效以及进一步探明油菜氮代谢的调节机制提供理论依据,本研究采用微区试验,研究2个油菜品种(沪油15-33号和742-2)在2个CO2浓度水平(自然CO2摩尔分数400μmol·mol-1和高CO2摩尔分数(800±20)μmol·mol-1)和2个氮素水平(施氮与不施氮)条件下,氮素同化酶(NR和GS)活性和可溶性蛋白含量的变化,以及油菜地上部干物质量和氮素累积量的响应。试验结果表明,高CO2浓度会提高NR和GS活性;在氮素处理的影响方面,NR活性的变化与油菜的品种和生育时期不同有关:在高CO2浓度条件下,品种A在各时期的施氮处理的酶活性高于不施氮处理;品种B只在抽薹期的施氮处理低于不施氮处理,其他时期则升高;对于GS酶活性,在自然CO2浓度条件下施氮会提高GS酶活性,高CO2浓度条件下施氮则降低其活性(苗期除外)。CO2浓度升高会降低叶片中可溶性蛋白含量(盛花期除外);在正常CO2浓度下,增施氮肥会提高叶片中可溶性蛋白含量,而在高CO2浓度下,增施氮肥会降低叶片中可溶性蛋白含量。CO2浓度升高和增施氮肥都会提高油菜地上部干物质量与氮素累积量,油菜干物质量与氮素累积量总体上与上述测定指标呈极显著相关。
In order to provide a theoretical basis for the regulation of high yield and high efficiency of rapeseed Brassica napus L. under high CO2 concentration and to establish a high yield and high efficiency of rapeseed, and to further explore the regulation mechanism of nitrogen metabolism in rapeseed, a micro-region experiment was conducted to study the effects of two rapeseed varieties Oil 15-33 and 742-2 were cultured at two CO2 levels (natural CO2 molar fraction 400 μmol · mol-1 and high CO2 molar fraction (800 ± 20) μmol · mol-1) and two nitrogen levels Nitrogen and no nitrogen application), the activities of nitrogenous assimilating enzymes (NR and GS) and soluble protein, and the responses of dry matter and nitrogen accumulation in aboveground parts of rapeseed were determined. The results showed that the high CO2 concentration increased the activities of NR and GS. In terms of the effect of nitrogen treatment, the changes of NR activity were related to the different varieties and growth periods of rapeseed. Under the condition of high CO2 concentration, Nitrogen treatment had higher enzyme activity than that of no nitrogen treatment. Variety B only had lower nitrogen application rate at the bolting stage and higher nitrogen level at other stages. For GS enzyme activity, nitrogen application increased under natural CO2 concentration The activity of GSase activity and nitrogen application under high CO2 concentration (except seedling stage). The increase of CO2 concentration decreased the content of soluble protein in leaves (except the full flowering period). Under normal CO2 concentration, nitrogen application increased the content of soluble protein in leaves, but increased the soluble protein in leaves at high CO2 concentration content. Both elevated CO2 and increased nitrogen fertilizer increased dry matter and nitrogen accumulation in aboveground parts of rapeseed. Dry matter and nitrogen accumulation in rapeseed were significantly correlated with the above mentioned indexes.