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目的了解天津市区成人脑卒中流行病学特征及相关因素,为防治脑卒中提供科学依据。方法采用多级(区-街道-社区居委会-社区居民)随机抽样方法,抽取天津市区的30个社区居委会居民进行调查,获取人口学信息、病史和体格检查结果。采用2000年第五次全国人口普查数据计算标化患病率。结果共调查18岁及以上居民28515人,报告脑卒中826例,其中单纯缺血性脑卒中691例,单纯出血性脑卒中117例,同时合并有两者18例,脑卒中患病率为2896.72/10万,其中缺血性卒中患病率为2486.41/10万,出血性卒中患病率为473.44/10万,年龄结构标化后患病率分别为1289.93/10万、1073.30/10万和249.80/10万。脑卒中患病率随年龄增长而升高,男性高于女性,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。Logistic回归分析显示,较高的文化程度和人均收入水平为脑卒中的保护因素;男性、年龄、高血压、血脂异常、糖尿病为脑卒中的危险因素,尤其是高血压危险最高(OR=4.225,P=0.001)。结论天津市区成人脑卒中的患病率高于全国水平,应强化有效控制各种危险因素的措施,尤其是高血压。
Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics and related factors of stroke in urban adults and provide a scientific basis for the prevention and treatment of stroke. Methods A total of 30 community residents in Tianjin urban area were sampled by random sampling method using multiple levels (district-street-neighborhood community-community residents) to obtain demographic information, medical history and physical examination results. Using the fifth national census data in 2000 to calculate the standardized prevalence. Results A total of 28,515 residents aged 18 years and over were surveyed and 826 cases of stroke were reported. Among them, 691 cases were ischemic stroke, 117 cases were hemorrhagic stroke alone and 18 cases were combined with stroke. The prevalence of stroke was 2896.72 / 100,000, of which the prevalence of ischemic stroke was 2486.41 / 100 000, the prevalence of hemorrhagic stroke was 473.44 / 100 000, the prevalence of standardized age structure were 1289.93 / 100000, 1073.30 / 100000 and 249.80 / 100,000. The prevalence of stroke increased with age, male higher than female, the difference was statistically significant (P <0.01). Logistic regression analysis showed that higher educational level and per capita income were the protective factors of stroke; men, age, hypertension, dyslipidemia and diabetes were the risk factors of stroke, especially the highest risk of hypertension (OR = 4.225, P = 0.001). Conclusion The prevalence of stroke in adults in Tianjin is higher than the national average. Measures to effectively control various risk factors should be strengthened, especially for hypertension.