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目的研究教学医院ICU住院患者医院感染情况及其影响因素,为制定相关干预措施提供科学依据。方法采用回顾性调查及前瞻性监测,对某教学医院综合性ICU 2004-2010年所有住院患者医院感染进行了调查与分析。结果该综合ICU在调查期间共收治住院患者2 060例,发生医院感染662例、913例次,医院感染发生率为32.14%、感染例次率为44.32%。医院感染部位以下呼吸道为主,构成比为64.35%;其次为泌尿道感染,构成比为10.37%。患者病情,基础病、住院时间、机械通气等侵入性操作构成医院感染主要危险因素。结论该教学医院综合ICU住院患者医院感染发生率较高,危险因素明确,应有针对性地加强防控措施。
Objective To study the prevalence and influencing factors of nosocomial infection in inpatients with ICU in teaching hospitals and to provide a scientific basis for making relevant interventions. Methods A retrospective survey and prospective surveillance were conducted to investigate and analyze all inpatients’ nosocomial infections in a teaching hospital comprehensive ICU from 2004 to 2010. Results During the investigation, the ICU admitted 2 060 inpatients, 662 cases and 913 cases of nosocomial infection. The incidence of nosocomial infection was 32.14% and the infection rate was 44.32%. The main respiratory tract was below the site of infection in the hospital, with a constituent ratio of 64.35%; followed by a urinary tract infection, with a constituent ratio of 10.37%. Inpatient conditions, basic diseases, hospitalization time, mechanical ventilation and other invasive operations constitute the main risk factors for nosocomial infections. Conclusion The incidence of nosocomial infection in inpatients with ICU in this teaching hospital is high, and the risk factors are clear. Therefore, the prevention and control measures should be strengthened in a targeted way.