Holman等首先报告某些系统性红斑狼疮(SLE)患者血清中有一种自身抗体,它能和细胞核的盐水可溶性成分起反应,命名为可提取性核抗原(extractable nuclear antigen,ENA)抗体。后经研究,ENA抗体包含多种抗体,研究较多的是Sm抗体和RNP抗体。这些抗体同结缔组织病(CTD)的症状有一定关系,具有诊断和指导治疗的临床意义。一,ENA的发现:Lachmann等(1961)发现斑点型ANA荧光和Holman等报道的细胞核的磷酸盐缓冲液(PBS)中抗原成分有关。Beck(1962)发现同样结果,命名为 Holman et al. First reported that there is an autoantibody in the serum of some patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) that responds to the saltwater-soluble components of the nucleus and names it as an extractable nuclear antigen (ENA) antibody. After the study, ENA antibody contains a variety of antibodies, more research is Sm antibodies and RNP antibodies. These antibodies have a certain relationship with the symptoms of connective tissue disease (CTD), with the clinical significance of diagnosis and treatment. First, the discovery of ENA: Lachmann et al. (1961) found that the spot-type ANA fluorescence and Holman et al reported in the nucleus of the phosphate buffer (PBS) in the antigen component. Beck (1962) found the same result, named