关于文艺复兴,恩格斯曾分析说:“这是一次人类从来没有经历过的最伟大的、进步的变革,是一个需要巨人而且产生了巨人——在思维能力、热情和性格方面,在多才多艺和学识渊博方面的巨人的时代。……那时,差不多没有一个著名人物不曾作过长途的旅行,不会说四五种语言,不在几个专业上放射出光芒。”~①意大利文艺复兴的夺目光彩,在中世纪欧洲的漫漫黑夜里照亮了一条思想解放的新路。从此,天主教会的文化专制主义和经院哲学的枷锁被砸开了。不仅文学艺术获得了空前的繁荣,而且诞生了近代自然科学、新哲学和新教育,文艺复兴运动从意大利传播到欧洲许多国家。英国、法国和西班牙的文艺复兴,因为有莎士比亚、拉伯雷和塞万提 With regard to the Renaissance, Engels once said: “This is the greatest and progressive change that mankind never had before. It is a giant that needs a giant and has a gigantic person. In terms of thinking ability, passion and character, A gigantic era of knowledge ... At that time, almost no famous person had ever made a long journey, could not speak four or five languages, and did not radiate light on several professions. ” Eye-catching, lighted up a new path of liberation of mind in the dark night of medieval Europe. Since then, the shackles of the Catholic Church’s cultural despotism and scholasticism have been shattered. Not only the unprecedented prosperity of literature and art, but also the birth of modern natural sciences, new philosophy and new education, the Renaissance movement from Italy to many European countries. The Renaissance in Britain, France and Spain, with Shakespeare, Rabelais and Sevante