本文以《论公民的不服从》和《瓦尔登湖》两部作品作为研究对象,解读美国哲人梭罗的理想个人主义,指出梭罗的个人主义思想强调简朴,人应根据其责任感过真实生活。梭罗的理想个人主义,作为当今美国思想必不可少的一部分,在美国个人主义建设中起到了主要作用。 This article takes two works of “disobedience to citizens” and “Walden Lake” as the research object, interprets the ideal individualism of the American philosopher Thoreau, points out that Thoreau’s individualism emphasizes simplicity, and people should live according to their sense of responsibility . Thoreau’s idealistic individualism, as an essential part of American thought today, played a major role in the construction of American individualism.