以国家所有制经济作为社会主义经济主体，是马克思和恩格斯在批判资本主义私有财产制度的基础上提出的，由整个社会直接占有一切生产资料的社会主义的理论模式或理论设想的一种探索性实践。这种探索性实践在斯大林时代一方面摒弃了国有化后国家立即开始消亡的观点，另一方面又 Taking the state-owned economy as the main body of the socialist economy is an exploratory practice put forward by Marx and Engels on the basis of criticizing the system of private property of capitalism and of the socialist theoretical model or theory envisioned by the entire society as having all the means of production directly . This exploratory practice, on the one hand, abandoned the notion that immediately after the nationalization began to die out in the Stalin era, on the other hand