谐振式光纤陀螺角度随机游走的分析与优化

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谐振式光纤陀螺(RFOG)是基于Sagnac效应产生的顺时针光路与逆时针光路的谐振频率差来测量旋转角速率的光学传感器.由于Sagnac效应极为微弱,RFOG常采用信号调制解调技术提高检测精度.首先介绍了基于正弦相位调制解调的RFOG的基本原理及衡量其性能的主要指标,详细推导了基于正弦相位调制解调的RFOG系统受散粒噪声制约的理论角度随机游走(ARW)的表达式,分析了调制参数包括调制频率和调制系数对理论ARW的影响.研究表明,在给定的激光功率及光纤环形谐振腔条件下,存在一组最佳的调制参数和解调相位,用于实现ARW的最小化.以直径为12 cm、总长为29 m、测试清晰度为14.7的光纤环形谐振腔搭建了实际RFOG系统,当调制频率分别为1 MHz、600 kHz、240 kHz时,测试得到的陀螺ARW分别为0.0124,0.0072,0.0052(°)·h-1/2.
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