对于运用客车状况的长期观察及全苏铁路运输科学研究院进行的研究结果表明,客车在运行16～20年后,车体金属外皮有严重的腐蚀损坏。其主要原因之一是车体内部金属结构的腐蚀防护不良。在制造客车的最初年代里是采用油基漆料(138号底漆、AЛ—177号沥青油漆、铁丹)作防护层。这些涂层的寿命为2～3 The long-term observation of the status of the use of passenger cars and the research carried out by the All-China Railway Science and Technology Research Institute shows that after 16 to 20 years of operation, the passenger car has serious corrosion damage to the metal skin. One of the main reasons is the corrosion protection of the metal structure inside the vehicle body is not good. In the early years of making passenger cars, oil-based paints (primer # 138, asphalt paint Ail-177, iron oxide) were used as a barrier. The life of these coatings is 2-3