应用应用范围：适宜于学生自学或讨论的教学内容。难度中等或偏低，疑点较少。便于学生查找有关资料，自己或集体解决难点和疑点，教师只作引导和启发，不太多参与教学活动。应用步骤：（１）定向。即确定本次课学习的目标和重点。一般从单元或本门课程，甚至专业总体知识角度 Applications Applications: Suitable for students to teach or discuss their own teaching content. Moderate or low difficulty, doubt less. Facilitate students to find relevant information, themselves or collectively to solve difficult and doubtful, teachers only for guidance and inspiration, not too much involved in teaching activities. Application steps: (1) orientation. That is to determine the objectives and focus of this lesson. Generally from the unit or the course, or even professional knowledge of the overall point of view