巨细胞病毒(CMV)感染是肾移植术后常见的并发症之一,可直接影响移植肾/人的生存。CMV感染一旦发生,治疗难度大,因此预防是关键。本文针对肾移植术后CMV感染的危险因素、抗病毒药物分类以及预防方案的研究进展作一综述。 Cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection is one of the most common complications after renal transplantation, which can directly affect the survival of renal transplant recipients. Once CMV infection occurs, the treatment is difficult, so prevention is the key. This article reviews the risk factors of CMV infection after renal transplantation, the classification of antiviral drugs and the progress of prevention programs.