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[目的]探讨食用玉米对食管癌高发区当地居民食管癌癌前病变发生的影响。[方法]采用1∶1频数匹配的病例对照研究,分析玉米的食用频率在癌前病变患者以及正常食管黏膜人群间的差别,并控制潜在的混杂因素后,以非条件Logistic回归模型估计食用玉米对患食管癌癌前病变的风险比值。[结果]癌前病变的患者摄取玉米的频率(53.5%)明显高于正常食管黏膜的人群(36.1%)(P<0.05)。控制潜在混杂因素后,每周至少食用1次玉米的OR值为2.26(95%CI:1.05～4.88),而且在男性中OR值为2.42(P<0.05),在女性中OR值为2.01(P>0.05)。[结论]频繁食用玉米可增加患食管癌癌前病变的风险,应通过干预措施降低玉米的污染以及当地人群玉米的食用量。
[Objective] To investigate the effect of edible corn on the occurrence of precancerous lesions of esophageal cancer in local residents with high incidence of esophageal cancer. [Method] A 1: 1 frequency-matched case-control study was conducted to analyze the differences in maize eating frequency among precancerous lesions and normal esophageal mucosa and to control potential confounding factors. Non-conditional logistic regression models were used to estimate edible maize Risk of esophageal precancerous lesions risk ratio. [Results] The frequency of corn intake in patients with precancerous lesions (53.5%) was significantly higher than that in normal esophageal mucosa (36.1%) (P <0.05). The odds ratio was 2.26 (95% CI: 1.05-4.88) for maize consumption at least once weekly for control of potential confounding factors and was 2.42 (P <0.05) for males and 2.01 for females P> 0.05). [Conclusion] Frequent consumption of corn can increase the risk of precancerous lesions of esophageal cancer. Intervention should reduce the pollution of corn and the consumption of corn in the local population.