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以原子吸收法测定土壤中铅为例,本文分析了测试过程中不确定度的来源,对各不确定度分量进行评定及合成,并计算得出合成不确定度和扩展不确定度。结果表明,标准储备液配制过程引入的不确定度可以忽略不计,对本测试方法影响较大的不确定度分量是标准溶液稀释使用移液管的精度和微量进样器进样体积以及样品前处理和测定过程中的随机因素引起的相对不确定度。
Taking lead in soil as an example, this paper analyzes the sources of uncertainty in the testing process, evaluates and synthesizes the components of uncertainty, and calculates the combined uncertainty and extended uncertainty. The results show that the uncertainty introduced in the standard stock solution preparation process is negligible, and the uncertainty components that greatly affect the test method are the precision of the standard solution dilution pipette and the injection volume of the microinjector and the sample pretreatment And the relative uncertainty caused by random factors in the process of measurement.