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为了研究城市森林草本植物多样性及其与冠层结构的关系,本文对上海崇明岛人工林1公顷样地的草本植被结构进行了调查分析,结果表明:(1)样地内共有草本植物40种,分属20科39属,以菊科种为主。(2)不同群落林下草本植被组成有明显差异,各群落林下草本植被优势种不同,物种多样性指数也不一样。香樟群落林下草本植物多样性指数最大,重阳木群落林下草本植物多样性指数最低。各指数变化趋势一致,均表现为常绿阔叶林(香樟林)>落叶针阔混交林(水杉-重阳木林)>落叶阔叶林(梧桐林)>落叶阔叶林(重阳木林)。(3)同一群落林下草本植被组成有差异,不同密度梯度以及不同郁闭度梯度下各草本植被物种多样性指数均呈先增大后减小的趋势。
In order to study the diversity of urban forest herbaceous plants and its relationship with canopy structure, the paper studied the structure of herbaceous plants in 1 hectare of artificial forest in Chongming Island of Shanghai. The results showed that: (1) There were 40 species of herbaceous plants , Belong to 20 families 39 genera, mainly Compositae species. (2) The composition of understory herbaceous vegetation differed significantly in different communities. The dominant species of understory herbaceous vegetation varied in different communities, and the species diversity index was also different. The species diversity of understory herbaceous plant in the camphor community was the highest, while the species diversity of understorey plant in the climax of Chongyangwood was the lowest. The trends of the indices are the same, showing as evergreen broadleaved forest (Pinus campar)> deciduous broadleaved mixed forest (Metasequoia - Shungyang forest)> deciduous broad - leaved forest (Indus)> deciduous broad - leaved forest (Chongyang woodland). (3) The composition of understory herbaceous vegetation in the same community is different. Under different density gradients and different canopy gradient, the diversity index of each herbaceous vegetation first increases and then decreases.